Day of Pentecost

May 23, 2010

Sermon by Rev. Dr. Marcus Pera

 

            The Holy Gospel according to St. John.  (John 14:8-17 [25-27]) 

 

            Philip said to [Jesus,] “Lord, show us the Father, and we will be satisfied.”  Jesus said to him, “Have I been with you all this time, Philip, and you still do not know me?  Whoever has seen me has seen the Father.  How can you say, ‘Show us the Father’?  Do you not believe that I am in the Father and the Father is in me? The words that I say to you I do not speak on my own; but the Father who dwells in me does his works.  Believe me that I am in the Father and the Father is in me; but if you do not, then believe me because of the works themselves.  Very truly, I tell you, the one who believes in me will also do the works that I do and, in fact, will do greater works than these, because I am going to the Father.  I will do whatever you ask in my name, so that the Father may be glorified in the Son.  If in my name you ask me for anything, I will do it.

“If you love me, you will keep my commandments.  And I will ask the Father, and he will give you another Advocate, to be with you forever.  This is the Spirit of truth, whom the world cannot receive, because it neither sees him nor knows him.  You know him, because he abides with you, and he will be in you.

            [“I have said these things to you while I am still with you.  But the Advocate, the Holy Spirit, whom the Father will send in my name, will teach you every thing, and remind you of all that I have said to you.  Peace I leave with you; my peace I give to you.  I do not give to you as the world gives.  Do not let your hearts be troubled, and do not let them be afraid.”]

 

            The Gospel of our Lord.

 

            In the name of the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the Giver of Life, sisters and brothers, grace, mercy, and peace be unto you.  Amen.

 

            It must have been at least 35 years ago when I purchased this book that was titled, “To The Unknown God.”  You can imagine why I am referring to that this day.  Yes, it was a book about the Holy Spirit.  Holy Spirit, Unknown God, little emphasized in most of the mainline churches.  I think that is certainly true for the Lutheran Church as well.  The Holy Spirit—a kind of elusive concept, a kind of difficult one to define and to describe.

 

            A little over a week ago in Bible study one of the participants asked, “Why don’t we use the word or talk about the Holy Ghost anymore?”  In this book, “To The Unknown God,” the writer Paul Harms makes a reference to this Christian spook that lives out in the ecclesiastical closet, fluffed on cloud nine.  This kind of imagery is what gives rise out of the concept of the ghost image.  No, that hasn’t been overly helpful as well. 


            We do have some descriptions, certainly, and definitions of the Holy Spirit.  We confess it in the Creed every Sunday; and in the Nicene Creed especially: “We believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the giver of life, who proceeds from the Father and the Son”— a little more difficult language—”who with the Father and the Son [together] is worshipped and glorified, who has spoken through the prophets.”  Yes, a person of the Godhead, one to be worshipped and praised; and that is what we are about this day.

 

            The Festival of the Pentecost, it’s a big festival day.  The color is red.  I enjoy it.  I enjoy wearing my stole, which looks like the tongues of fire.  Yes, Pentecost Day.  But we ask, “What is it all about and what does it mean?”  In that lesson for today that describes that first Pentecost event, it says that “the people around were astonished and were amazed.”  And they asked the question, “What does this mean?”  It is a very good Lutheran question, “What does this mean?”  And so the question we ask this morning on this Pentecost Day, “Pentecost, what does it mean?”  What does it mean, first of all, from some of the signs that are apparent in those readings for today? 

 

The first sign is there; it refers back to Pentecost that has its roots in the Old Testament.  And Pentecost was the day designation, forty-nine days, seven weeks, and then the next day, the fiftieth day; it was a spring harvest festival; forty-nine days from the first hepta-cycle to the first grain.  And they were to give their first fruits to the Lord.  But it was also timed in the way that it commemorated the giving of the Torah, the law, to the children of Israel. And so you have Pentecost in the Old Testament as the birth of the nation of Israel.  And now you have Pentecost in the New Testament, and you have it as the birth of the Church of Jesus Christ, that on the 50th day of the Easter celebration, this out-pouring of the Holy Spirit.

 

            The second sign that I would point to is that of new wine.  That seems to be a kind of strange one.  You know what was happening, and people were all talking in different tongues.  It was somewhat confusing to those that at least weren’t catching what was happening, and the charge was made: “These people are filled with new wine.”  And Peter stood up and said, “It’s only nine in the morning.  How can this be?”  

 

            There is another reference, though, that is somewhat interesting, and that is that wine reference that is used in the early part of the Gospel, certainly the Gospel of Luke, that talks about the change that is happening, and then says to the people who were critical of changing some of the dietary laws, “You don’t put new wine into old wine skins.  What happens is you lose the wine, it will burst and you lose the skin, the carrier, as well.” But here it’s not the disciples that are filled with wine and drunk.  No, it’s the disciples themselves who are the wine, and they, in experiencing of the Holy Spirit, are bursting forth with a new life that becomes apparent, a sign of Pentecost.

 

Another sign that is present is that of wind and fire; wind and fire used frequently in scripture in anticipation of a particular unfolding and presence of God.  Fire that was there when Moses was called; the fire that went before the Ark of the Covenant as a pillar at night, guiding and guarding the presence of God; the wind that was there for Elijah; all these referring to the bottom line of anticipation in an unusual and extraordinary way of the presence of God among God’s people.  And during this Pentecost event, there was a sound as of wind; there were tongues as of fire, anticipating this outburst and this manifestation of God among God’s people.

 

            And then you also have the sign of Pentecost that is in the reference by Peter to Joel.  And Joel changes the words of this just a little bit, especially in the beginning, when he says that after these things, he changes it to say that it is the end, the fulfilling, the full presence of the kingdom of God unfolding in a new kind of way with the Holy Spirit.  And beyond that, he also talks about the fact, in Joel’s prophecy, that the prophetic voice had not been heard since Malachi.  But the prophetic voice was not just given to some people. Now it would be given to all people, and all people would be interpreters of the word of God to others, and to be interpreters of God’s future among us.

 

            These are signs of Pentecost.  What does this mean?  What does Pentecost mean, really?  Well, first of all, it means the birth of the Church of Jesus Christ.  When Peter preached this sermon, first of all, when they were in the upper room, there were the disciples gathered and those close ones around them.  How many people was it that were referred to?  A hundred and twenty people.  And then what happened when Peter preached his powerful sermon.  And finally, the people asked, “What then should we do?” And Peter said, “Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ; be baptized.”  And there were three thousand that were added to the church that day.  It was the birth of the Church of Jesus Christ in that outpouring of the Holy Spirit. 

 

And there were a couple of characteristics of the church that are pointed to in this instance.  The first is that of a common understanding.  This whole notion of tongues becomes kind of strange and, in a sense, confusing.  But one of the interesting things about it is that with the different tongues and different languages, yet people were able to understand what was going on.  There was a common understanding, a common framework, a common appropriation of the unfolding of God’s presence among God’s people.  And not only that, there was a unity within the diversity that was apparent.  The Spirit becomes the spirit of understanding and the spirit of unity.  Some referred to this as a reversal of the Tower of Babel.  You remember the Tower of Babel, in which the people were trying to build a tower in order that they might be able to reach up to God, and in fact to become God themselves.  And God punishes them and scatters them.  And then there is the disbursing of languages all over the place.  There is a utopian understanding and desire among the Mideastern culture in order that there might be one common language. But the one common language is not needed, because in this Pentecost experience, even though there is the multiplicity, there is the common understanding.  And, in fact, there is a rejoicing in the multiplicity of gifts, in the multiplicity of gifts, and yet the unity within all of that among the community that shares this multiplicity of gifts.  This becomes characteristic of the Church of Jesus Christ even today. 

 

 


And so we ask ourselves the question, “Pentecost, what does it mean?”  “What does it mean for us today?”  I think it means, if nothing else, a living by the Spirit of God; a new kind of life‑filled living that gives witness to the God who lives among us.  The people were in the upper room, but they went from that upper room out into the world to share the good news. 

 

If we go to the Gospel Lesson for today, which was the Gospel Lesson a few Sundays ago, there is a reference again to what Jesus said when he said, “That greater works than these you will do than the ones I do.”  Tony Campolo has a reference to this where he remarks that when he was in Sunday school in the sixth grade he had the question, saying, “Sure, I change water into wine, I walk on water, I raise people from the dead.”  I never have been able to do that; I never will be able to do that.  What do you mean, “Greater works than these you will do?”  But he points out then also that what is important to recognize is that what Jesus is about is love and not power.  What Jesus is about is love and not power.  And in fact he tells the disciples off and on to tell no one because there was a sense and a draw to this power, this miraculous power that Jesus was displaying.  Jesus was about love and not power. 

 

And so if you take followers of Jesus, ignited by the Spirit of God, living out their life of love to and for other people, then you look at not just what you can do individually.  But then you do the works of love that are done by Immanuel congregation; and then the works of love that are done by the ELCA, some close to five-million strong; and then you take world‑wide Lutheranism with 86 million people, and you take Christianity in the whole world numbered at 2.1 billion people.  These are the greater works that are being done.  And in fact, Jesus says to the disciples, “It is even advantageous for me to go because then the Holy Spirit will bring to you not just me but the Father as well, and the Father is greater than I.”  These are the works of love that are done. 

 

My goodness, how are we people caught up in this Pentecost Spirit able to display that kind of love to and for our neighbor and all of God’s creation?  The Spirit is the Spirit of power, rightly understood.  Not the love of power, but the power to love.  And that Spirit of power comes to us through the word, comes to us through the sacraments, and comes to us to set us on fire and empower us to live in love in that kind of way.

 

            In the Ninth Century there was a hymn that was composed to the Holy Spirit, and the hymn that is used in the Catholic Church when, for example, the people file into the Sistine Chapel to elect a new pope.  It’s the hymn that is used when a bishop or a pope or a priest is consecrated, even used when confirmation is there.  It’s a hymn that Luther composed also, and concluded within the hymn.  And we have several versions of that in our own hymnal, and a different composite of the words itself.  But the basic words read this way: 


Creator spirit, heavenly dove,

Descend upon us from above;

With graces manifold restore

Your creatures as they were before.

 

            And so we say, “Yes.  Come, Holy Spirit.  Come, Holy Spirit, with the fire of your love, and renew our faces and renew the face of the earth.”

 

            In the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(This is an unedited transcription of a tape-recorded sermon given by Pastor Pera.)